References

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Albini, F.A. 1976. Estimating wildfire behavior and effects . USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-30.

Anderson, Hal E. (1982) Aids to determining fuel models for estimating fire behavior . General Technical Report INT-122, April. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT. 28 p. This report describes the original 13 fire behavior fuel models. See also Scott and Burgan 2005.

Andrews, Patricia L. and Queen, Lloyd P. (2001) Fire modeling and information system technology . International Journal of Wildland Fire, 10(4), 343-352. doi: 10.1071/WF01033.

Archibald, Sally; Lehmann, Caroline E.R.; Gomez-Dans, Jose L.; Bradstock, Ross A. (2013) Defining pyromes and global syndromes of fire regimes . Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 110(16), 6442-6447.

Bradshaw, Larry S.; Deeming, John E.; Burgan, Robert E.; Cohen, Jack D. (1983). The 1978 National Fire-Danger Rating System: technical documentation . General Technical Report INT-GTR-169.

Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (1990) Silvics of North America; volume 1: conifers , volume 2: hardwoods . Handbook 654. USDA Forest Service Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 877 p.

Crosby, J.S. and Chandler, C.C. (2004) Get the most from your windspeed observation . Fire Management Today (64)1: 53-55.

Dillon, Gregory. K. (2020) Results and application of the National Wildfire Risk Assessment . Pp. 252-257. In: Hood, Sharon M.; Drury, Stacy; Steelman, Toddi; and Steffens, Ron, eds. Proceedings of the Fire Continuum – preparing for the future of wildland fire; 2018 May 21-24; Missoula, MT. Proceedings RMRS-P-78. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Online.

Dillon, Gregory K.; Buchanan, Beth. (2017) Supplemental files for Ecosystem Function HVRA in the National Wildfire Risk Assessment for Forest Service Lands . Unpublished data files, June 2017. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Modeling Institute. Missoula, MT.

Finney, M. A. (1998) FARSITE: Fire Area Simulator—model development and evaluation . Research Paper RMRS-RP-4. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. 52 p.

Finney, M. A. (2002) Fire growth using minimum travel time methods . Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 32(8), 1420-1424.

Finney, M.A. (2003) Calculation of fire spread rates across random landscapes . International Journal of Wildland Fire. 12, 167-174.

Finney, M. A. 2006. An overview of FlamMap fire modeling capabilities. pg 213-220. In: Andrews, P.L.; Butler, B.W. comps. 2006. Fuels Management - How to Measure Success: Conference Proceedings . 28-30 March 2006 Portland OR. Proceedings RMRS-P-41. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 809 p.

Finney, M.A.; McHugh, C.W.; Grenfell, I.C.; Riley, K.L.; Short, K.C. (2011) A simulation of probabilistic wildfire risk components for the continental United States . Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. 25, 973-1000.

Haas, J. R.; Calkin, D. E.; Thompson, M. P. (2013) A national approach for integrating wildfire simulation modeling into Wildland Urban Interface risk assessments within the United States . Landscape and Urban Planning. 119, 44-53.

Helmbrecht, Donald J.; Blankenship, Kori (2016) Modifying LANDFIRE Geospatial Data for Local Applications. Available at: http://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPractices/FireLandscapes/LANDFIRE/Pages/landfire.aspx

Miller, Richard F.; Chambers, Jeanne C.; Pellant, Mike (2014). A Field Guide for Selecting the Most Appropriate Treatment in Sagebrush and Pinon Juniper Ecosystems in the Great Basin . General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-322-rev. 68 p.

Miller, Richard F.; Chambers, Jeanne C.; Pellant, Mike (2015). A Field Guide for Rapid Assessment of Post-Wildfire Recovery Potential in Sagebrush and Pinon-Juniper Ecosystems in the Great Basin . General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-338. 70 p.

National Wildfire Coordinating Group (2006) NWCG Fireline Handbook Appendix B Fire Behavior . PMS 410-2.

National Wildfire Coordinating Group (2017) Prescribed Fire Complexity Rating System Guide . PMS 424, July 2017.

National Wildfire Coordinating Group (2022) Interagency Prescribed Fire Planning and Implementation Procedures Guide . PMS 484, July 2017.

National Wildfire Coordinating Group (2024) Interagency Standards for Fire and Fire Aviation Operations 2024 (Redbook) .

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Nelson, Ralph M Jr. (2000) Prediction of diurnal change in 10-h fuel stick moisture content . Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30(7):1071-1087.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2008) LandScan 2008 High Resolution Population Distribution Model. L. UT-Battelle, editor., Oak Ridge, TN.

Rebain, Stephanie A.; Reinhardt, Elizabeth D.; Crookston, Nicholas L.; Beukema, Sarah J.; Kurz, Werner A.; Greenough, Julee A.; Robinson, Donald, C.E.; Lutes, Duncan C. (2010) The Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator: Updated Model Documentation. USDA Forest Service, Forest Management Service Center, Fort Collins, CO. 403 p.

Richards G.D. 1 990. An elliptical growth model of forest fire fronts and its numerical solutions . International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 30, 1163-1179.

Roose, H.; Ballard, L.; Manley, J.; Saleen, N.; Harbert, S. (2008) Fire Program Analysis System—Preparedness Module . In: González-Cabán, A., (Tech. Ed.) Proceedings of the second international symposium on fire economics, planning, and policy: a global view. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-208 (English). Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 377-384.

Rothermel, Richard C. (1991) Predicting behavior and size of crown fires in the Northern Rocky Mountains . Research Paper INT-438. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. 52 p.

Rothermel, Richard C. (1983) How to predict the spread and intensity of forest and range fires . General Technical Report INT-143. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT. 168 p.

Rothermel, Richard C. (1972) A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels . Research Paper INT-115. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT. 50 p.

Scott, Joe H.; Helmbrecht, D.J.; Thompson, M. (2014) Assessing the expected effects of wildfire on vegetation condition on the Bridger-Teton National Forest, Wyoming, USA . Research Note RMRS-RN-71. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 36 p.

Scott, Joe H.; Thompson Matthew P.; Calkin, David E. (2013) A Wildfire Risk Assessment Framework for Land and Resource Management . General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-315. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 83 p.

Scott, Joe H. (2006) Comparison of crown fire modeling systems used in three fire management applications . Research Paper RMRS-RP-58. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 25 p.

Scott, Joe H. and Burgan, Robert E. (2005) Standard fire behavior fuel models: a comprehensive set for use with Rothermel’s surface fire spread model . General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-153. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 80 p. The models described in this report are referred to as the Scott and Burgan 40 or, alternatively, as the Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models. These are in addition to Anderson's original 13 fire behavior fuel models.

Scott, Joe H. and Reinhardt, Elizabeth D. (2001) Assessing crown fire potential by linking models of surface and crown fire behavior . Research Paper RMRS-RP-29. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 66 p.

Short, Karen C.; Finney, Mark A.; Scott, Joe H.; Gilbertson-Day, Julie W.; Grenfell, Isaac C. (2016) Spatial dataset of probabilistic wildfire risk components for the conterminous United States. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive.

USDA Forest Service. (2018). WindNinja. Project Webpage. https://www.firelab.org/project/windninja. Accessed February 2018.

Van Wagner, C.E. (1977) Conditions for the start and spread of crown fire . Canadian Journal of Forest Research7: 23–34. From the abstract: "Some theory and observations...on the factors governing the start and spread of crown fire in conifer forests."